在CentOS5上搭建全功能LAMP环境
作者：佚名 时间：2012-09-21
一、通过系统安装盘或网络安装必备的软件：
bzip2-devel
zlib-devel
libjpeg-devel
libpng-devel
libtiff-devel
freetype-devel
openssl-devel
libxml2-devel
gettext-devel
二、下载以下软件，上传到服务器/soft目录下
eaccelerator-0.9.5.2.tar.bz2
mysql-5.0.51.tar.gz
gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
php-5.2.5.tar.gz
httpd-2.2.8.tar.gz
ZendOptimizer-3.3.0a-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gz
三、创建/web目录，并在其下创建eaccelerator、mysql、gd、apache、php、zend、www目录
四、安装gd
#cd /soft
#tar zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
#cd gd-2.0.35
./configure --prefix=/web/gd
#make
#make install
五、安装apache
#tar zxvf httpd-2.2.6.tar.gz
#cd httpd-2.2.6
#./configure --prefix=/web/apache --with-ssl --enable-ssl --enable-so --enable-rewrite --disable-cgid --disable-cgi
#make
#make install
把apache设置成上海网站建设系统服务开机加载：
#cp /web/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
#vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
在#!bin/sh下面添加：
#chkconfig:2345 10 90
#description:Activates/Deactivates Apache Web Server
最后运行chkconfig 把apache添加到系统的启动服务组里面：
#chkconfig --add httpd
#chkconfig httpd on
六、安装mysql
#tar zxvf mysql-5.0.46.tar.gz
#cd mysql-5.0.46
# ./configure --prefix=/web/mysql --with-comment=Source --with-server-suffix=-enterprise-gpl --with-mysqld-user=mysql --without-debug --with-socket-path=/web/mysql/var/mysql.sock --with-big-tables --with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --with-extra-charsets=all --with-pthread --enable-static --enable-thread-safe-client --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --enable-assembler --without-innodb --without-ndb-debug --without-isam --enable-local-infile --with-readline --with-raid
#make
#make install
建立mysql用户组:
#groupadd mysql
在mysql用户组中添加mysql用户：
#useradd -g mysql mysql
进入安装目录：
#cd /web/mysql
修改属性：
#chown -R mysql .
#chgrp -R mysql .
安装基本库：
#bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
修改属性：
#chown -R root .
#chown -R mysql var
复制配置文件到系统etc下：
#cp share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
#cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
把mysql设置成系统服务开机加载：
#chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
#chkconfig --add mysqld
#chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on
#/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
将root密码设置成123456：
#bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456
七、安装php
#tar zxvf php-5.2.5.tar.gz
#cd php-5.2.5
#./configure --prefix=/web/php --with-apxs2=/web/apache/bin/apxs --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-libxml-dir --with-gd=/web/gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-gd-jis-conv --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-ttf --enable-mbstring --with-mysql=/web/mysql --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-iconv --disable-ipv6 --enable-static --enable-zend-multibyte --enable-inline-optimization --enable-zend-multibyte --enable-sockets --enable-soap --with-openssl --with-gettext --enable-ftp
#make
#make install
复制配置文件到系统etc下：
#cp php.ini-recommended /etc/php.ini
整合apache与php
#vi /web/apache/conf/httpd.conf
修改红色部分内容：
#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo_log"
# with ServerRoot set to "/web/apache" will be interpreted by the
# server as "/web/apache/logs/foo_log".
#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to point the LockFile directive
# at a local disk. If you wish to share the same ServerRoot for multiple
# httpd daemons, you will need to change at least LockFile and PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/web/apache"
#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80
#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
#
#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User daemon
Group daemon
# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# definition. These values also provide defaults for
# any containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#
#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin you@example.com
#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80
#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/web/www" #需要修改的内容
#
# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that
# directory (and its subdirectories).
#
# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of
# features.
#
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#
#
# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.
#
#需要修改的内容
#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride all #需要修改的内容
#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html #需要添加的内容
#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
Satisfy All
#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"
#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn
#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
#
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
# You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
#
# The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
# If you do not define any access logfiles within a
# container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*
# define per- access logfiles, transactions will be
# logged therein and *not* in this file.
#
CustomLog "logs/access_log" common
#
# If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
#
#CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
#
# Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
# exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
# will make a new request for the document at its new location.
# Example:
# Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar
#
# Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
# access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
# Example:
# Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
#
# If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
# require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely
# need to provide a section to allow access to
# the filesystem path.
#
# ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
# documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
# client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
# directives as to Alias.
#
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/web/apache/cgi-bin/"
#
# ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX
# socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid.
#
#Scriptsock logs/cgisock
#
# "/web/apache/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
AllowOverride None
Options None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
#
# DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
# text.
#
DefaultType text/plain
#
# TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
# filename extension to MIME-type.
#
TypesConfig conf/mime.types
#
# AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
# file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
#
#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
#
# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
# information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
#
#AddEncoding x-compress .Z
#AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
#
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
#
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php #需要添加的内容
#
# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
# or added with the Action directive (see below)
#
# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
# (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
#
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# For type maps (negotiated resources):
#AddHandler type-map var
#
# Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
#
# To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
# (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
#
#AddType text/html .shtml
#AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
#
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
# contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
#
#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#
#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall is used to deliver
# files. This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
#
#EnableMMAP off
#EnableSendfile off
# Supplemental configuration
#
# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be
# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of
# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as
# necessary.
# Server-pool management (MPM specific)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
# Multi-language error messages
#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
# Fancy directory listings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
# Language settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
# User home directories
#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
# Real-time info on requests and configuration
#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
# Virtual hosts
#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual
#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
# Various default settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections
#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
#
# Note: The following must must be present to support
# starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent
# but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl.
#
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
保存退出：
确保防火墙已关闭，重新启动apache：
#service httpd restart
在/web/www目录下创建一个测试文件test.php,内容如下：
phpinfo()
?>
找一台客户机在网络地址栏输入http://web服务器ip/test.php 如果显示php配置信息则说明安装成功。
八、安装zend
#cd /soft
#tar zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.0a-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gz
#cd ZendOptimizer-3.3.0a-linux-glibc21-i386
#./install.sh
接下来是图形安装界面，需要注意的是zend安装目录为：/web/zend ；php的配置文件在：/etc ,apache控制命令行位置:/web/apache/bin/apachectl
安装完成重新刷新test.php,看是否安装成功。
九、安装eaccelerator
#cd /soft
#tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.2.tar.bz2
#cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.2
#export PHP_PREFIX="/web/php" //指定php安装目录
#PHP_PREFIX/bin/phpize
#./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=$PHP_PREFIX/bin/php-config
#make & make install
编译安装后会看到屏幕提示的eaccelerator.so 所在的目录，"/web/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so" 记住它，后面会用到。
安装eaccelerator加速软件为php扩展：
打开php.ini文件，在[zend]之前添加下列信息：
zend_extension="/web/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="16"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/tmp/eaccelerator"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
创建/tmp/eaccelerator文件夹，并设置777权限，重新启动apache。
运行test.php显示的zend信息大致如下则说明安装成功。
This program makes use of the Zend Scripting Language Engine:
Zend Engine v2.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2007 Zend Technologies
with eAccelerator v0.9.5.2, Copyright (c) 2004-2006 eAccelerator, by eAccelerator #加速软件安装成功
with Zend Extension Manager v1.2.2, Copyright (c) 2003-2007, by Zend Technologies
with Zend Optimizer v3.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2007, by Zend Technologies #zend安装成功
到此，LAMP环境搭建完毕。
